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NEWS ITEM PART 2

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Zulfa Faturullah Hermansyah (36)
XII IPS 2

NEWS ITEM PART 2

LANGUAGE FEATURES OF NEWS ITEM


A. News Vocabulary

News item texts commonly use 
1. nominalized words

A nominalized word is a noun created from an adjective or verb by adding suffixes. Some examples of nominalized words are: 
• administration (from administer + ation) 
• enhancement (from enhance ment) 

2. nouns as verbs 

News item texts often use nouns as verbs. Some examples are: 

The Duchess authored The Bench, which received a lot of criticism. 
(author, which is originally a noun, is used as a verb) 

Cameras caught Ritchie elbowing Mayfield in last week's game. 
(elbow, which is originally a noun, is used as a verb)

3. borrowed words 

News item texts often use words that are borrowed from other languages to give flavor to reports on foreign affairs. Some examples are: 

The Madame herself became one of the earliest murder victims preserved in a photograph. 

The Taoiseach picked some Fine Gael TDs who lost their seats in February's general election.

4. coined words
News item texts often use coined words (words that are invented). Some examples are: 

Oakland Moviegoers Return to the Theaters Moscow braces for record-breaking 'snowpocalypse'

B. Present Perfect Tense
Present perfect tense is a form of verb that is used to express an action or situation that started in the past and still continues until now or has been completed at a certain point in time in the past but the effect is still ongoing.


Positive Sentence

S + have / has + Past participle
Example : 
  • he has researched  this social issue for a long time  
  • I have fixed my handphone

 
Negative Sentence

S + have / has + not + Past participle
Example: 
  • he hasn't researched  this social issue for a long time. 
  • I have not fixed my handphone.

Question Sentences

Close ended question:
Have / has + S + Past participle
Example:  
  • Has he researched  this social issue for a long time? 
  • Have I fixed my handphone?
Open ended question:
Question word + Have / has + S + Past participle
Example: What has the white house said about Biden's position?

(Note: Has (she, He, It), Have (I, you, we, they))

C. Past Tense
Simple past tense is a tense sentence that is used to express events that occurred in the past and have ended in the past.

Positive Sentence

S + Verb 2 + O

For regular verbs, add -ed after the first form of the verb. Example:
Play 🠚 Played
Work 🠚 Worked
Stay 🠚 Stayed

For irregular verbs, including to be, the forms of the two verbs are very different. As an example:
  • Run 🠚 Ran
  • Drink 🠚 Drank
  • Begin 🠚 Began
  • Eat 🠚 Ate

Negative Sentence

       S + did + not + Verb 2
                    OR
S + To Be (Was / Were) + not

Example:
  • I didn't understood the lesson.
  • i wasn't in the class.

Question Sentence

Did + S + Verb 2

        OR
Was / Were + S

Example:

  • Did You Understood the lesson?
  • Was you in the class?

D. Future Tense
Simple future tense is a tense to describe an event that has not started and will occur in the future. the use of the words will, shall, and going to. Simple future tense is also used to express a prediction or desire

Positive Sentence

        Subject+will/shall+V1+Object
                             OR
Subject + to be (am/is/are) going to + V1

Example:
  • I Will be a doctor
  • We will join socer competition


Negative Sentence

          Subject+will/shall+not+ V1+Object
                                  OR
Subject + to be (am/is/are) + not + going to + V1

Example:
  • I Won't be a doctor
  • We won't join socer competition

Question Sentence

         Will/shall+Subject+V1+Object
                                OR
To be (am/is/are) + Subject + going to + V1

Example:
  • Will you be in the future?
  • Will your team join the socer competition?


E. Direct Vs Indirect Speech

source image

Direct speech is words or sentences spoken directly by the speaker (first person) and written as is.
Example: We Said, "We're gonna win this match"

Things that must be considered in the form of Direct Speech, namely:
    a. Reporting Verbs (which report) and Reported Words (which are reported) are separated by a                comma (,).
    b. Reported Words in direct sentences are written in quotation marks.
    c. Reporting Verb can also be called Reporting Sentence (sentence reporting), Reported Words can be     called Reported Speech (sentence reported).
    d. The location of the Reporting Verb does not have to be at the beginning of the sentence, but can be     at the end

                                                              VS

Indirect speech is a sentence that is spoken to convey someone's statement.
Example: They Said that they gonna win that match

Things that must be considered in indirect sentences, namely:
    a. Between Reporting Verb and Reported Words are connected by conjunctions.
    b. In indirect speech, quotation marks are not required.

Video Part 2


Power Point:


Do the Practice 1 (page 19-21) and exercise part D & E (page 22-26) from the module above and attach the photo in your blog!

Practice 1


Exercise part D



Exercise part E


 

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